NR AGEV
AU Karbowski,K.
TI [Electroencephalography and epileptology in the 20th century]
OT Elektroenzephalographie und Epileptologie im 20. Jahrhundert.
QU Schweizerische Rundschau für Medizin Praxis 1995 Dec 5; 84(49): 1465-73
PT historical article; journal article
AB In 1875, Caton was already able to detect cerebral electric currents during experimental studies in animals. In 1914, Cybulski and Jelenska-Macieszyna reported on the increase of current-intensity during a focal motor epileptic seizure. In 1929 in Jena, Berger revolutionized the study of epilepsy with his paper on the human electroencephalogram 'Uber das Elektrenkephalogramm des Menschen'. His discovery and further publications as well as later works of numerous researchers, especially F. and E. Gibbs, Lennox, Penfield and Jasper, made it possible to distinguish different forms of 'little' epileptic seizures and to separate them from nonepileptic paroxysmal disorders. New epileptic syndromes could be singled out, as e.g. the symptomatic epilepsy of childhood with variable clinical manifestations of seizures and slow spike-wave complexes in the EEG (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome) or the benign partial epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal EEG spikes. In these fields, as well as for the epileptic seizures in newborns and babies and for the differentiation between epileptic and nonepileptic twilight states in later stages of life, the EEG remains an indispensable tool in the CT and MRI era. It also contributes largely to the diagnosis of nonepileptic cerebral illness such as herpes simplex encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis van Bogaert and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Since the introduction of phenobarbital by Hauptmann in 1912, the palet of effective drugs against epilepsy, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproate and benzodiazepines used for status-epilepticus treatment, became essentially larger. The value of newer substances (vigabatrin, progabide, gabapentin, lamotrigin) can't be estimated actually.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MH Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use; Brain/surgery; Electroencephalography/history/*methods; English Abstract; Epilepsy/classification/history/*physiopathology/therapy; Female; History of Medicine, 19th Cent.; History of Medicine, 20th Cent.; Human; Male; Portraits; Switzerland; Terminology
AD Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Inselspital Bern.
SP deutsch
PO Schweiz