NR AMMW
AU Wilesmith,J.W.
TI An epidemiologist's view of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
QU Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 1994 Mar 29; 343(1306): 357-61
IA http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/media/99eqacrxvq4wrhjlkq5r/contributions/a/r/2/7/ar274j1q02784728.pdf
PT journal article; review; review, tutorial
AB Bovine spongiform encephalopathy was first recognized in Great Britain in 1986 and was the result of infection with a scrapie-like agent surviving in meat and bone meal used in feedstuffs. This effective exposure commenced in 1981-82 and was associated with a reduction in the use of hydrocarbon solvents in the manufacture of meat and bone meal. The epidemiological features are consistent with sheep scrapie as the original source, but the epidemic was amplified by the recycling of infected cattle tissue resulting in a marked increase in incidence from 1989. The food borne source was eliminated by legislation introduced in July 1988. The first effects of this became apparent during 1991 and these have become more obvious during 1993 with a reduction in the national incidence. Specific studies are still in progress to determine whether other means of transmission can occur, but none capable of maintaining the epidemic have been detected.
IN BSE wurde erstmals 1986 in England festgestellt und scheint durch ein seit 1981 nicht mehr ausreichend abgetötetes Scrapie-artiges Agens in Kraftfutter aus Fleisch und Knochen übertragen worden zu sein. Das infektiöse Fleisch scheint zunächst von Scrapie-Schafen, später aber auch von an BSE gestorbenen Rindern gestammt zu haben. Wahrscheinlich wegen dieser für Rinder noch viel ansteckenderen Quelle nahm die Krankheit ab 1989 deutlich zu. 1988 wurde der Gebrauch von aus BSE-kranken Tieren hergestelltem Viehfutter in England verboten. Entsprechend geht die Zahl der Erkrankungen in England seit 1991 zurück.
ZR 24
MH Animal; Cattle; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary; Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform/*epidemiology/microbiology/transmission; Epidemiologic Factors; Food Microbiology; Great Britain/epidemiology; Models, Biological; Scrapie/microbiology/transmission; Sheep; Time Factors
AD Epidemiology Department, Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, U.K.
SP englisch
PO England