NR AWLG
AU O'Rourke,K.I.; Spraker,T.R.; Ernest,H.
TI Species specific influence of genotype on CWD susceptibility
QU International Conference - Prion 2006: Strategies, advances and trends towards protection of society - 3.10.-6.10.2006, Torino, Italy, Lingotto Conference Centre, Workshop of the Neuroprion Cervid Group - Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD): Current knowledge and European perspective 2006, 3.10.2006
PT Konferenz-Vortrag
AB Chronic wasting disease in the United States has been reported in 4 cervid species, including mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus), and Shira's moose (Alces alces). Pathogenesis and genetic predisposition vary among the species. After adjustment for the polymorphisms associated with the nonfunctional Prnp pseudogene, the Prnp gene in white tailed deer is more variable than in the other species. A coding change at codon 96 (glycine to serine) is associated with predisposition to natural disease although the alternative allele is not protective. The relationship between codon 96 genotype and CWD is reported in two farmed populations and one large sample set of free-ranging white tailed deer. The genetic variability in white tailed deer can be used to examine disease transmission patterns. Deer DNA samples (n=195) for which there was accompanying sex, age, CWD pathology, Prnp functional and pseudogene sequence information were analyzed for parentage and kinship using 29 nuclear microsatellite loci. Genetic differentiation, genetic distance, population structure analyses, parentage likelihoods and exclusion probabilities, and kinship coefficients were used to identify dyads related by first order and kin groups containing at least 3 individuals. Dyads were partitioned using likelihood parentage and relationship indices, and chi square analyses were used to test significance (alpha 0.05) of frequency of dyads of CWD-positive individuals compared to that expected by chance. The study confirmed a matrilineal kin group-based social structure, even for deer in confinement, and supported the hypothesis of adult-to-adult transmission reported in studies of free ranging deer. The use of microsatellite or other kinship markers may be useful in novel foci of infection for which behavioral and movement data are not available. The Prnp gene in Rocky Mountain elk is remarkably conserved among farmed and free ranging animals. Homozygosity for the allele encoding leucine at codon 132 is rare in CWD-positive animals and high-dose oral infection results in infection with a prolonged incubation period. In addition to the use of genetics in pathogenesis and transmission studies, additional sequence analysis of other species and populations within and outside the US should be undertaken to confirm the presence of the epitopes used in monoclonal antibody-based diagnostics.
AD K. O'Rourke: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Disease Research Unit Pullman WA, 99164, USA; T. Spraker: College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA; H. Ernest: Wildlife and Ecology Unit, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis CA, USA. E-mail: korourke@vetmed.wsu.edu
SP englisch
PO Italien