NR AWQR
AU Wolfe,L.L.
TI Clinical signs and antemortem diagnosis of Chronic Wasting Disease
QU International Conference - Prion 2006: Strategies, advances and trends towards protection of society - 3.10.-6.10.2006, Torino, Italy, Lingotto Conference Centre, Workshop of the Neuroprion Cervid Group - Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD): Current knowledge and European perspective 2006, 3.10.2006
PT Konferenz-Vortrag
AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) presents a diagnostic challenge for those working with captive and free-ranging cervids because clinical signs are subtle and nonspecific throughout much of the disease course and antemortem diagnostic tools are limited. The image of a drooling, stumbling, emaciated deer or wapiti has been represented and repeated often as "the" presentation for clinical CWD over the years; however, both the clinical course and clinical presentation of CWD in deer and wapiti can vary widely, just as with many other diseases. Although the most recognizable signs of end-stage CWD are behavioral alterations and loss of body condition, infected animals can show a number of other signs during the disease course that vary in presentation and duration among individuals and are inconsistently seen. Clinical diagnosis is further complicated by the relatively late occurrence of signs in the overall disease course and the common occurrence of other intercurrent health problems or interceding causes of death. Clinical signs seen in CWD cases are nonspecific, and can include behavioral changes, ataxia, head tremor, hyperexcitability, hyperesthesia, piloerection, intermittent tremors (primarily in wapiti), dilated, spastic, or flaccid esophagus, sialorrhea, odontoprisis, dysphagia and swallowing difficulties, loss of body condition, polydypsia, and polyuria; pruritus, sometimes seen in scrapie, has never been reported in CWD cases. Signs may be most obvious during or after handling, anesthesia, or other stressful situations, but tend to become more consistent and recognizable as disease progresses. Because there are many potential differential diagnoses, CWD should be included as a differential in postmortem evaluations of adult North American cervids or closely related species when poor body condition or neurological signs are apparent. CWD presently can be diagnosed in live cervids by demonstrating PRPcwd via immunohistochemistry (IHC) of lymphoid tissue from biopsies of tonsil or rectal mucosa. With sufficient lymphoid follicle counts, CWD cases are likely detectable by biopsy IHC within the first 6-9 months of infection, well before signs first appear.
AD Colorado Division of Wildlife, Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. E-mail: lisa.wolfe@state.co.us
SP englisch
PO Italien